Arnold-Hilgartner classification of haemophilic arthropathy
Dr Andrew Dixon ◉ et al.
Arnold-Hilgartner classification is a plain radiograph grading system for haemophilic arthropathy of the knee 1,2:
- stage 0: normal joint
- stage I: no skeletal abnormalities, soft-tissue swelling is present
- stage II: osteoporosis and overgrowth of the epiphysis, no cysts, no narrowing of the cartilage space
- stage III: early subchondral bone cysts, squaring of the patella, widened notch of the distal femur or humerus, preservation of the cartilage space
- stage IV: findings of stage III, but more advanced; narrowed cartilage space
- stage V: fibrous joint contractures, loss of the joint cartilage space, extensive enlargement of the epiphyses with substantial disorganization of the joint
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